The manipulative impulse has always been a part of photography since its inception, but I wouldn't say that this is the primary direction which contemporary fine art photography is taking. Certainly Photoshop has made an impact in fine art photography with such contemporary fine art photographers as: Lux, Connell, Nakagawa, Thorel, Fenster, and Shatz. However, manipulating for the sake of aesthetics is not the primary theme of modern photography. Contemporary fine art photographers like photographers of the past continue to explore a vast array of subject matters: political, social, psycholgical etc... Although manipulation is just as popular